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Program Design

Program design is the set of choices you make before a single point is issued: what behaviour you are paying for, what you are willing to pay for it, and how a customer finds out. Most loyalty programs fail here rather than in execution — they reward purchases that would have happened anyway, or they bury the value behind a tier structure nobody can hold in their head.

This is where we cover the mechanics. Points versus tiers versus cashback, and when each one is the wrong answer. Earn rates and how to set them without guessing. Threshold placement, and why percentile data beats round numbers. Whether a paid membership makes sense for your margin profile. What to do when customers buy twice a year instead of twice a month, which breaks most off-the-shelf program templates. And what to model before launch rather than after: the cost of the reward at full redemption, the share of members who will never redeem, and what happens to both when the program works better than planned.

Written for the person who has to defend the design in a room with finance. Every piece here tries to give you the arithmetic and the trade-off rather than a best-practice list, because the right program for a 60%-margin subscription business is the wrong one for a 12%-margin retailer.

Articles in Program Design